在美国诺科学校上海分校， 社团活动是校园生活不可或缺的一部分。社团活动丰富了我们的校园生活，让我们在学习之余得以放松，同时也能让我们从中收获许多知识。美国诺科学校上海分校DIY社和化学社联合举办了一次“废水过滤实验”的活动。

美国诺科学校上海分校废水过滤实验

实验过程

实验材料：土、 不同尺寸的碎石(2-4mm，5-8mm，8-12mm，15-25mm)、医用纱布、矿泉水瓶、剪刀、滤纸、漏斗、烧杯。

实验步骤

**步：将矿泉水瓶沿底部约1/5处剪开。

第二步：在瓶口*好纱布(防止石子漏出)。

第三步：从下至上，按照碎石尺寸小到大的次序，依次分层铺入石子。例如**层铺入3-5mm石子，第二层铺入5-8mm石子;第三层铺入8-12mm石子;第四层铺入15-25mm石子。

第四步：制备含有杂质的浑浊的水(将泥土放入水中，搅匀，让水变混浊)。

第五步：将混浊的水倒进刚刚制作好的过滤器。

第六步：我们看到水经过过滤后，颜色变浅、固体减少，但此时颜色依然较深，说明还有杂质。

第七步：于是我们将得到的水再次倒入过滤器，重复几次，最后得到较为澄清的水。

PS： 为比较过滤效果，我们还做了一个对照实验。用实验室的过滤装置(滤纸+漏斗+烧杯)， 过滤了混浊的水。实验结果：采用单层滤纸，只过滤一次，就达到了自制过滤器反复过滤的效果。看来还是专业设备效果更好啊!

废水过滤实验

实验原理

脏水通过不同尺寸的碎石之后，水中大部分的杂质都被过滤掉了。因为水中的杂质有些比碎石间的缝隙大，于是被挡住了。在过滤器中，石子尺寸从上到下依次减小，形成的缝隙也随之变小。 过滤过程中，水中较大的杂质首先被拦下来，然后是中等尺寸和较小的杂质。这就是自来水厂净水环节中的物理净水原理。需要注意的是：这样过滤出来的水，仅出去了颗粒杂质，并没有除去可溶性的有毒重金属离子，以及细菌和微生物，是不可以直接饮用的哦。自来水厂的水净化系统，还*含化学、生物等很多净化步骤。

以下是两位九年级的同学：Troy和Andy对于本次活动的具体介绍以及他们的感想：

Yesterday, we joined the DIY club with the feeling of exception and excitement. Our club coach mentioned that this activity was hold by chemical club and DIY club together, so we were wondering what kinds of things we were gonna do this time. Much to our surprise, we were asked to make filter using some common and usual materials.

As we know, it's difficult to survive alone in the place where no one is surrounding you, and there is a massive of needs that are required to support us to live, among which water is the one of the most important considerations that we need. In that case, drinking cleaning and fresh water could be very significant. Therefore, the most beautiful teacher and also the coach of DIY club in this world-Ms. TaVanni, and the coach of the science Club, our beloved chemical teacher-Carrie Yan would teach us how to pure the dirty water by using the filter that we made by our own.

First of all, as an observance, TV showed us a short video which was talking about how to clean the water. And then, we were given some obsolete bottles, some bags of stones of different sizes, and we were told that we should put the stones in a correct order to do the filtration. Andy and I put some special things such as tissues and sponges in it in order to have a better effect so that we got a very distinct filter. Finally, the most exciting thing was coming: we added the dirty water into the bottle, and we watched the fresh water leaking down by drop. Because of our particular idea and flexible hand, we were the most successful group in this lesson!

Accordingly, we learned how to derive the pure water by some simple objects. It was very interesting and could be very useful for people to use in the wild surrounding. That is the beauty of DIY club-it always can give you the most practical experience and bring you surprises.

Come and join us, to become a DIYer, DO IT YOUSELF!

Reading the student's thoughts, the club coach, the most beautiful teacher and also the coach of DIY club in this world-Ms. TaVanni, is very glad that the students have enjoyed it and she also wants the students to know that no one drank the water and even in the wild, you'd have to also boil the water to truly purify it. This process is just to clean the water and get all the dirt out.

这次活动极富趣味性，既锻炼了学生们的动手能力，又增强了学生们的环保意识，让同学们真正做到了“从玩中学，在学中乐”。我相信也正是因为有了这些有趣又有意义的活动，才让每周的社团时间成为学生们最期待的时刻。

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